Acidizing fracturing agent is a chemical used in oil and gas development, mainly used to increase the production of oil and gas wells through acidizing and hydraulic fracturing technology. Acidizing fracturing agent combines the advantages of acidizing and hydraulic fracturing, and can effectively dissolve carbonate minerals in the formation, promote the formation and expansion of cracks, thereby increasing the flow path and production of oil and gas.Working principle of acidizing fracturing agent.
Acidizing action: Use strong acid (such as hydrochloric acid) to dissolve carbonate minerals (such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate) in the formation, thereby forming dissolution channels in the formation.Mainly used in carbonate reservoirs, acidizing can increase the porosity and permeability of the formation.
Hydraulic fracturing action:
Fracturing fluid is injected through a high-pressure pump to generate and expand cracks in the formation.Fracturing fluid usually contains proppants (such as ceramsite or quartz sand), which play a role in keeping the cracks open when the cracks are closed, thereby forming a permanent diversion channel and improving production capacity.Main components of acid fracturing agents Acid: Common acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrofluoric acid (HF), etc., which are used to dissolve formation minerals.Fracturing fluid: The main components include water, clay control additives, corrosion inhibitors, fungicides, etc. Proppant: Usually ceramsite, quartz sand, etc., injected into the cracks to keep the cracks open.Additives: Including viscosity regulators, drag reducers, demulsifiers, etc., used to improve the rheological properties and treatment effects of fracturing fluids.Application scenarios of acid fracturing
Carbonate formations:
This formation is mainly composed of calcium carbonate (limestone) and magnesium carbonate (dolomite). Acidification can effectively dissolve these minerals, thereby expanding the pores and cracks in the formation.Applicable to carbonate reservoirs with low productivity.Tight sandstone and shale formations:
Acid fracturing can improve the permeability of these low-permeability formations and increase oil and gas production.It can play a good role in these formations that are difficult to efficiently develop through traditional oil production technologies.Advantages and Challenges.
Advantages Improved recovery: By expanding formation fractures and increasing diversion channels, the recovery rate of oil and gas wells can be greatly improved.Widely applicable: Applicable to a variety of formation types, including carbonate rocks, shales, tight sandstones, etc.
Relatively low cost: Compared with other methods of improving recovery, acid fracturing technology is relatively economical.Challenges
Corrosion problems: Strong acids and their reaction products may corrode formation rocks and mining equipment, and corrosion inhibitors are required for protection.Environmental impact: Chemicals in fracturing fluids may pollute groundwater and the surface environment, which requires strict management and control.Complex construction: The engineering technology requirements are high, and the injection amount and injection pressure need to be precisely controlled to ensure safety and effectiveness.Safety and environmental protection measuresUse of corrosion inhibitors: Use corrosion inhibitors during the acidizing process to protect equipment and formations.Environmental monitoring: Conduct strict environmental monitoring to prevent leakage of fracturing fluids and acids and ensure the safety of groundwater and surface environments.Construction management: Strictly control the construction process to ensure the rational use and safe operation of acid and fracturing fluid.ConclusionAcid fracturing agent is a key oil and gas production tool. By combining acidizing and hydraulic fracturing technology, it can significantly increase the production of oil and gas wells. Although there are some challenges in its application process, these problems can be effectively solved through scientific management and appropriate technical measures, thus achieving safe, efficient and environmentally friendly oil and gas production.